1834
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Image:Emancipation of Slaves 1834 monument - Victoria Tower Gardens - Millbank - Westminster - London - 24042004.jpg
The Buxton Memorial Fountain in London, celebrating the emancipation of slaves.
1834 (MDCCCXXXIV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar).
Events
- January 1 - Abolition of customs charges at borders within Germany.
- January 3 - The government of Mexico imprisons Stephen F. Austin in Mexico City.
- March 6 - York, Upper Canada is incorporated as Toronto.
- June 7 - Greek independence general Theodoros Kolokotronis is sentenced to death for treason for resisting the rule of Otto of Greece (he is released next year).
- July 16 - William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne succeeds Earl Grey as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom.
- July 24 - End of the Liberal Wars in Portugal.
- August 1 - Slavery abolished in the British Empire (see Slavery Abolition Act).
- August 15 - South Australia Act allows for the creation of a colony there.
- December 10 - Sir Robert Peel succeeds Lord Melbourne as Prime Minister of the UK
- Failed pro-republic uprising in Piedmont – one of the activists is Giuseppe Garibaldi.
- Spanish Inquisition, which began in the 13th century, was suppressed.
- British East India Company monopoly on China trade ended.
- Sixth Kaffir War; severe clashes between white settlers and Bantu peoples in Cape Colony. Dutch speaking settlers colonize area north of Orange River.
Births
- January 7 - Johann Philipp Reis, German physicist and inventor (d. 1874)
- January 13 - John Mason Cook, after whom JMC Air is named (d. ?)
- February 8 - Dmitri Mendeleev, Russian chemist (d. 1907)
- February 9 - Felix Dahn, German author (d. 1912)
- February 16 - Ernst Haeckel, German zoologist and philosopher (d. 1919)
- February 19 - Charles Davis Lucas, Victoria Cross recipient (d. 1914)
- March 16 - James Hector, Scottish geologist (d. 1907)
- March 17 - Gottlieb Daimler, German engineer and inventor (d. 1900)
- March 20 - Charles W. Eliot, American President of Harvard University (d. 1926)
- March 23 - Julius Reubke, German composer (d. 1858).
- March 24 - William Morris, English pet and artist (d. 1896)
- March 24 - John Wesley Powell, American explorer (d. 1902)
- April 1 - Big Jim Fisk, American entrepreneur (d. 1872)
- April 2 - Frédéric Bartholdi, French sculptor (d. 1904)
- May 23 - Carl Heinrich Bloch, Danish sculptor (d. 1890)
- June 19 - Charles Spurgeon, English Baptist preacher (d. 1892)
- July 10 - James McNeill Whistler, American painter and etcher (d. 1903)
- July 19 - Edgar Degas, French painter (d. 1917)
- August 4 - John Venn, British mathematician (d. 1923)
- August 22 - Samuel Pierpont Langley, American astronomer, physicist, and aeronautics pioneer (d. 1906)
- August 31 - Amilcare Ponchielli, Italian composer (d. 1886)
- September 9 - Joseph Henry Shorthouse, English novelist (d. 1903)
- November 19 - Georg Hermann Quincke, German physicist (d. 1924)
- October 8 - Walter Kittredge, American composer (d. 1905)
- December 16 - Léon Walras, French economist (d. 1910)
Deaths
- January 12 - William Wyndham Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1759)
- January 17 - Giovanni Aldini, Italian physicist (b. 1762)
- February 2 - Lorenzo Dow, American minister (b. 1777)
- February 12 - Friedrich Schleiermacher, German theologian (b. 1768)
- March 2 - José Cecilo del Valle, first President of Central America (b. 1780)
- April 5 - Vice-Admiral Sir Richard Goodwin Keats Governor of Newfoundland (b. 1757)
- April 10 - John 'Merino' MacArthur, Australian farmer (b. 1767)
- April 11 - John 'Mad Jack' Fuller, English philanthropist and patron of the arts and sciences (b. 1757)
- May 20 - Marquis de la Fayette, French nobleman and soldier (b. 1757)
- July 12 - David Douglas, Scottish botanist (b. 1799)
- July 14 - Edmond Charles Genêt, French ambassador to the United States during the French Revolution (b. 1763)
- July 19 - Károly Hadaly, Hungarian mathematician (b. 1743)
- July 25 - Samuel Taylor Coleridge, English writer (b. 1772)
- August 1 - Robert Morrison, Scottish Protestant missionary to China (b. 1782)
- August 7 - Joseph Marie Jacquard, French inventor (b. 1752)
- August 17 - Husein Gradaščević, Bosnian rebel leader (b. 1802)
- September 2 - Thomas Telford, Scottish engineer (b. 1757)
- September 9 - James Weddell, Antarctic explorer (b. 1787)
- September 16 - William Blackwood, English writer (b. 1776)
- September 24 - Pedro I of Brazil (b. 1798)
- October 8 - François-Adrien Boïeldieu, French composer (b. 1775)
- October 11 - William John Napier, 9th Lord Napier, British Navy officer, politician and diplomat (b. 1786)
- December 23 - Thomas Malthus, English economist and political philosopher (b. 1766)
- December 27 - Charles Lamb, English essayist (b. 1775)
- December 31 - João Batista Gonçalves Campos, Intelectual leader of the Cabanagem revolutionary event, in the vice-Kingdom of Grao Para (b. 1782)
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